Bologna, the capital of Emilia-Romagna, is a large and lively university city.
Youthful flair and exuberant cheerfulness are consistent with the cultural and architectural testimonies of over 2000 years of history in a unique symbiosis. The city was and has always been one of the centers in Italy. Here is where the many nicknames of Bologna come from.
La rossa („The red ") is what the city is called not just because of the political inclination of the residents, but mostly because of the red bricks. The characteristic roof landscape of Bologna combined with the earth colored pastel facades creates a distinctive picture. The city structure was inherited from the Romans. The city was once like a chess board around the central intersection of two main streets. Six north-south and eight east-west roads divided Bologna from then on into individual quarters that are preserved until today. Today’s architectural face influenced the Middle Ages and the early modern times. Bologna’s wealth on art and cultural goods is almost incomprehensible. The center of the city is the Piazza Maggiore with the Fountain of Neptune and the Gothic Basilika Petronio. Due to its massive dimensions – the central nave measures 66 feet wide and 131 feet high - it is the fifth largest church in the world. Around the square magnificent arcade palaces are grouped together. Luxurious fabric and shoe stores invite you to come in and shop. Especially appealing is the Piazza Santo Stefano, with the Santo Stefano Church and the belonging monastery complex with its mystical, Romanesque cloisters. Particularly full of atmosphere is a tour of the pilgrimage church Santuario della Madonna di San Luca. It is located on the Guardia hill above the city. From here you have an impressive view of the Poebene. An arcade that stretches for 2.5 miles leads to the church – the longest in the world. Bologna is known for such beautiful arcades. They are found once again throughout the old town and have a total length of 24 miles. The landmarks of the city are the two gender towers that were built around 1300, the Torre Garisenda and the Torre degli Asinelli. The city once counted more than 180 such status symbols of rich families and that is why Bologna got the nickname “la turrita”.
La dotta („the scholars“) is what the city is called because of its famous university. Today’s students, however, hardly spread an intellectual mood. They are much more responsible for the lively, young flair of the city and its vibrant nightlife. Bologna (404,000 residents), has countless cafés, taverns, bars and nightclubs. More than just a few students spend more time there and in trendy clothing stores than they do in the old dignified university buildings.
La grassa („the fat“) is a name for Bologna given because of the fatty foods. „Spaghetti Bolognese“, however, you will search for in vain on menus. The city is more like home to the tortellini. These are filled with ground meat and served with a meat broth or with Sugo Bolognese (from ground beef and tomatoes). Very characteristic for Bologna is the Sugo with prepared with squeezed Salsiccia. Another culinary specialty of the region is mortadella, a cold cut made with pork.
No matter what nickname for Bologna you want to personally go with, the flair and fascination of the city reels you in. If you have had enough of the city, then it is highly recommended to book a rental car and explore the surrounding areas.